IVF Failure With “Normal” Embryos:  Examining and Addressing  Anatomical and Immunologic Causes

IVF Failure With “Normal” Embryos: Examining and Addressing Anatomical and Immunologic Causes

Implantation dysfunction is often overlooked as a significant reason for IVF failure. This is especially true when IVF failure is unexplained, or when there are recurring pregnancy losses or underlying issues with the uterus, such as endo-uterine surface lesions, thin...
Egg/Embryo Quality in IVF & How Selection of the Ideal Protocol for Ovarian Stimulation Influences Egg/Embryo Quality and Outcome

Egg/Embryo Quality in IVF & How Selection of the Ideal Protocol for Ovarian Stimulation Influences Egg/Embryo Quality and Outcome

The journey of in vitro fertilization can be a rollercoaster of emotions for many patients. Often times they have to face the harsh reality that the number and quality of eggs retrieved has fallen short of their expectations. Then, should fertilization of these eggs...
Embryo Implantation Dysfunction

Embryo Implantation Dysfunction

Implantation dysfunction is unfortunately often overlooked as an important cause of IVF failure. This is especially relevant in cases of unexplained IVF failure, recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and in women with underlying endo-uterine surface lesions, thickness of...
Disruption in the relationship between KIR, HLA, and NK cell activity and embryo implantation dysfunction: how to assess this

Disruption in the relationship between KIR, HLA, and NK cell activity and embryo implantation dysfunction: how to assess this

I constantly receive inquiries from “confused” patients with unexplained recurrent IVF failure, unexplained infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss etc. (where an immunologic implantation dysfunction (IID) is often underlying) as to the relevance of measuring Killer...